Theophylline is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator.

Vanillic acid is a flavoring agent.

Biochanin A is a fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor.

Camphene is a bicyclic monoterpene hydrocarbon natural product presenting as a white waxy solid with a camphor-like odor, widely used as a terpene reference compound, an intermediate in organic synthesis and a raw material for the flavor and fragrance industry.

Celastrol (Tripterine; Tripterin) is a proteasome inhibitor which potently and preferentially inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified 20S proteasome.

Ergosterol is the primary sterol and belongs to the ergosterol steroid family.

Helicid is a major constituent of Helicia nilgirica Bedd.

Protocatechualdehyde (Catechaldehyde), a natural polyphenol compound, is associated with a wide variety of biological activities.

Solanesol is an active aliphatic terpene alcohol.

Olaquindox, a quinoxalin derivative, is an active compound.

Lycorine hydrochloride is the main active ingredient of the herbal medicine.

Vindoline is an  active vinca alkaloid.

4'-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin is an intermediate compound that inhibits microtubule assembly.

Arecoline hydrobromide, a naturally brain-penetrant and  active occurring psychoactive alkaloid, is a partial agonist of nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla.

(2S,3R,4S)-4-Hydroxyisoleucine is an  active compound.