Saikosaponin D is a triterpene saponin isolated from Bupleurum.

Butylparaben is a paraben-class organic compound used as a preservative in cosmetics and as a food flavoring additive.

(-)-Catechin is an isomer of Catechin; Catechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1).

(+)-Catechin hydrate inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1).

trans-Cinnamic acid is an aromatic organic acid compound with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/mL against Aeromonas sobria (SY-AS1).

Salvianolic Acid A is a water-soluble phenolic acid natural product derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, a plant in the Lamiaceae family.

Cordycepin is a nucleoside derivative and inhibits IL-1β-induced MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) in a dose-dependent manner.

Salvianolic Acid B is an active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which has been widely applied for the management of various microcirculation-related disorders.

Daidzein is a flavonoid, a phytoestrogen, acts as an agonist and selectively activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ).

Sanguinarine, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis.

Deoxycholic acid, a bile acid, is a by-product of intestinal metabolism, that activates the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5.

Schizandrin A is a biphenylcyclooctadiene lignan extracted from Schisandra chinensis.

Dulcite (Dulcitol; Melampyrit; NSC 1944) is a sugar alcohol, produced by the reduction of galactose by aldose reductase in non-insulin-dependent cells.

Schizandrin B is a biphenylcyclooctadiene derivative isolated from Schisandra chinensis.

Evodiamine is an alkaloid with diverse biological activities.

Schisandrol A, a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan, is isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill.